Thorianite
A variety of Minerals
What is Thorianite?
Thorianite is a rare thorium oxide mineral, ThO2. It was originally described by Ananda Coomaraswamy in 1904 as uraninite, but recognized as a new species by Wyndham R. Dunstan. It was so named by Dunstan on account of its high percentage of thorium; it also contains the oxides of uranium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium. Helium is present, and the mineral is slightly less radioactive than pitchblende, but is harder to shield due to its high energy gamma rays. It is common in the alluvial gem-gravels of Sri Lanka, where it occurs mostly as water worn, small, heavy, black, cubic crystals. The largest crystals are usually near 1.5 cm. Larger crystals, up to 6 cm (2.4 in), have been reported from Madagascar.
Market Value Factors
Pricing varies for every rock and mineral, so use these universal factors to gauge Thorianite before comparing listings or appraisals.
Size & Weight
Larger, intact specimens usually command higher prices.
Rarity & Demand
Scarce material or popular varieties sell at a premium.
Condition & Finish
Chips, repairs, and heavy wear lower value; clean prep helps.
Treatment & Provenance
Untreated specimens with documented locality are prized.
Thorianite Localities Map
See where Thorianite is found with a localities map, collecting zones, and geology context. Generate a sample map preview below.
Geochemistry
Based on color, specific gravity and composition three types of thorianite are distinguished: α-thorianite β-thorianite γ-thorianite Thorianite and uraninite form a complete solid solution series in synthetic and natural material. The division between the two species is at Th:U = 1:1 with U possibly making up to 46.50% and Th ranging up to 87.88%. Rare earths, chiefly Ce, substitute for Th in amounts up to 8% by weight. Ce is probably present as Ce. Complete series is known in synthetic material between CeO2 - PrO2 - ThO2 - UO2. Small amounts of Fe and Zr also may be isomorphous with Th. Pb present is probably radiogenic.
Key Characteristics
Formation of Thorianite
Usually found in alluvial deposits, beach sands, heavy mineral placers, and pegmatites. Sri Lanka – In stream gravels, Galle district, Southern Province; Balangoda district; near Kodrugala, Sabaragamuwa Province; and from a pegmatite in Bambarabotuwa area. India – Reported from beach sands of Travancore (Kerala). Madagascar – Found in alluvial deposits of Betroka and Andolobe. Also as very large crystals from Tôlanaro (Fort Dauphin); at Andranondambo and other localities. Russia – In black sands of a gold placer on Boshogoch River, Transbaikalia, Siberia; in the Kovdor Massif by Kovdor, Kola Peninsula; in the Yenisei Range, Siberia. United States – reported from Easton, Pennsylvania; black sands in Missouri River, near Helena, Montana; Scott River, Siskiyou County, California; black sands in Nixon Fork and Wiseman districts, Alaska. Canada – Reported with uraninite in a pegmatite on Charlebois Lake, east of Lake Athabasca; Uranon variety reported from pegmatite and metesomatized zones in crystalline limestones from many locations in Quebec and Ontario. South Africa – Occurs with baddeleyite as an accessory in carbonatite at Phalaborwa, Eastern Transvaal. Democratic Republic of Congo - Kasaï region
Quick Facts
Physical Properties
- Color
- Dark grey, brown-black
- Hardness (Mohs)
- 6.5 - 7
- Density
- 9.87 g/cm³
- Streak
- Grey, grey-green to black
Chemical Properties
- Chemical Formula
- ThO2
- Elements
- O, Th
Also Known As
Identify Thorianite Instantly
- Snap a photo, get instant results
- 6,700+ rocks, minerals & crystals
- Discover collecting spots near you
Thorianite FAQs
How do I identify Thorianite?
Thorianite can be identified by its hardness of 6.5 - 7 on the Mohs scale, Dark grey color. Look for these key characteristics when examining specimens.
What color is Thorianite?
Thorianite typically appears in Dark grey, brown-black. Color can vary depending on impurities and formation conditions.
How hard is Thorianite?
Thorianite has a hardness of 6.5 - 7 on the Mohs scale. This gives it moderate hardness.
What is the formation of thorianite of Thorianite?
Usually found in alluvial deposits, beach sands, heavy mineral placers, and pegmatites. Sri Lanka – In stream gravels, Galle district, Southern Province; Balangoda district; near Kodrugala, Sabaragamuwa Province; and from a pegmatite in Bambarabotuwa area. India – Reported from beach sands of Travancore (Kerala). Madagascar – Found in alluvial deposits of Betroka and Andolobe. Also as very large crystals from Tôlanaro (Fort Dauphin); at Andranondambo and other localities. Russia – In black sands of a gold placer on Boshogoch River, Transbaikalia, Siberia; in the Kovdor Massif by Kovdor, Kola Peninsula; in the Yenisei Range, Siberia. United States – reported from Easton, Pennsylvania; black sands in Missouri River, near Helena, Montana; Scott River, Siskiyou County, California; black sands in Nixon Fork and Wiseman districts, Alaska. Canada – Reported with uraninite in a pegmatite on Charlebois Lake, east of Lake Athabasca; Uranon variety reported from pegmatite and metesomatized zones in crystalline limestones from many locations in Quebec and Ontario. South Africa – Occurs with baddeleyite as an accessory in carbonatite at Phalaborwa, Eastern Transvaal. Democratic Republic of Congo - Kasaï region
%252FAbenakiite-(ce)-01.jpg&size=small)
