Porcelain
What is Porcelain?
Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating materials, generally including kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between 1,200 and 1,400 °C (2,200 and 2,550 °F). The toughness, strength, and translucence of porcelain, relative to other types of pottery, arise mainly from the formation of glass and the mineral mullite within the fired body at these high temperatures. Porcelain is known for its beauty and durability, and it has been used for a wide variety of purposes, including tableware, decorative objects, and industrial applications.
Optical Properties
- Refractive Index
- 1.53-1.56
- Birefringence
- 0.000
- Pleochroism
- None
- Optical Character
- Isotropic
- Dispersion
- None
Discover Values
Market Value Factors
Pricing varies for every rock and mineral, so use these universal factors to gauge Porcelain before comparing listings or appraisals.
Size & Weight
Larger, intact specimens usually command higher prices.
Rarity & Demand
Scarce material or popular varieties sell at a premium.
Condition & Finish
Chips, repairs, and heavy wear lower value; clean prep helps.
Treatment & Provenance
Untreated specimens with documented locality are prized.
Porcelain Localities Map
See where Porcelain is found with a localities map, collecting zones, and geology context. Generate a sample map preview below.
Quick Facts
Physical Properties
- Color
- White, often with variations and patterns
- Hardness (Mohs)
- 6-7
- Density
- 2.3-2.5 g/cm³
- Luster
- Vitreous
- Crystal System
- Amorphous
Chemical Properties
- Chemical Formula
- Variable, primarily composed of silicates (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), and other minerals
- Elements
- Si, O, Al, and other trace elements
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Porcelain FAQs
How do I identify Porcelain?
Porcelain can be identified by its hardness of 6-7 on the Mohs scale, White color, Vitreous luster, Amorphous crystal system. Look for these key characteristics when examining specimens.
What color is Porcelain?
Porcelain typically appears in White, often with variations and patterns. Color can vary depending on impurities and formation conditions.
How hard is Porcelain?
Porcelain has a hardness of 6-7 on the Mohs scale. This gives it moderate hardness.